how can i calculate z^2 distibution?
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jinseok shin
on 26 Feb 2021
Commented: jinseok shin
on 3 Mar 2021
Hi, I am currently trying to calculate z^2 distribution when z is folloing (0,a) gaussian distribution
how can i calculate z^2 distribution?
1 Comment
Hernia Baby
on 26 Feb 2021
Do you want to calculate Chi-square distribution?
The distribution depends on the degree of freedom.
Accepted Answer
David Goodmanson
on 2 Mar 2021
Edited: David Goodmanson
on 2 Mar 2021
Hello JS
By gaussian I assume you mean the normal distribution, mean 0, std deviation 'a'
f(z) = N*exp(-(z/a)^2/2)
with N = 1/(sqrt(2)*sqrt(pi)*a)
y = z^2 has one sign while z can have either sign. Since the normal distribution is symmetric, to make life easier assume the initial distribution is one-sided, with z>=0 only, and double the height of the distribution to keep the normalization correct:
f(z) = 2*N*exp(-(z/a)^2/2) z>=0
Now that z >= 0 we can use z = sqrt(y). The the idea with pdfs is to find a function g(y) such that
f(z) dz = g(y) dy
with z = y^(1/2)
which means that dz = (1/2) y^(-1/2) dy
plug that in
2*N*exp(-(y/(2*a^2))) (1/2) y(-1/2) dy = g(y) dy
g(y) = N*exp(-(y/(2*a^2)))/sqrt(y)
which is a chi-squared probability distribution function (with 1 degree of freeedom) as noted by Jeff. This function has the disadvantage of being unbounded as y --> 0, although its area is still 1 as required.
If you meant y = (z/a)^2 instead of y = z^2, then the expression would be the standard chi-squared
g(y) = N*exp(-(y/2))/sqrt(y) N = 1/(sqrt(2)*sqrt(pi))
More Answers (1)
Jeff Miller
on 27 Feb 2021
The distribution of z^2/a^2 is a chi-square with 1 df.
2 Comments
Jeff Miller
on 2 Mar 2021
To normalize. If y is normal(0,1), then the distribution of y^ is chi-square with 1 df.
For your z ~ N(0,a), y = z/a is N(0,1), so y^2 = z^2/a^2 is chi-square(1).
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