sinr
Display or compute signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) ratio
Description
sinr(
displays the
signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for transmitter sites
txs
)txs
in the current Site Viewer. The function generates map
contours using SINR values that are computed for receiver site locations on the map.
For each location, the signal source is the transmitter site in
txs
with the greatest signal strength. The remaining
transmitter sites in txs
with the same transmitter frequency
act as sources of interference. If txs
is scalar or there are
no sources of interference, Site Viewer displays signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
This function only supports plotting for antenna sites with a
CoordinateSystem
property value of
"geographic"
.
sinr(___,
sets
properties using one or more name-value arguments, in addition to the input argument
combinations in the previous syntaxes. For example,
Name=Value
)sinr(txs,MaxRange=8000)
specifies the range of the SINR map
region as 8000 m from the site location.
Examples
SINR Map for Multiple Transmitters
Define names and location of three sites in Boston.
name = ["Fenway Park","Faneuil Hall","Bunker Hill Monument"]; lat = [42.3467 42.3598 42.3763]; lon = [-71.0972 -71.0545 -71.0611];
Create an array of transmitter sites.
txs = txsite(Name=name, ... Latitude=lat, ... Longitude=lon, ... TransmitterFrequency=2.5e9);
Display the SINR map. Each location on the map is colored using the strongest signal available at that location.
sinr(txs)
Input Arguments
txs
— Transmitter site
txsite
object | array of txsite
objects
Transmitter site, specified as a txsite
object or an array of txsite
objects.
This function only supports plotting antenna sites when the
CoordinateSystem
property is set to
"geographic"
.
rxs
— Receiver sites
rxsite
object | array of rxsite
objects
Receiver site, specified as a rxsite
object or an array of rxsite
objects.
This function only supports plotting antenna sites when the
CoordinateSystem
property is set to
"geographic"
.
propmodel
— Propagation model to use for path loss calculations
"longley-rice"
(default) | "freespace"
| "close-in"
| "rain"
| "gas"
| "fog"
| "raytracing"
| propagation model created using propagationModel
Propagation model to use for the path loss calculations, specified as one of these options:
"freespace"
— Free space propagation model"rain"
— Rain propagation model"gas"
— Gas propagation model"fog"
— Fog propagation model"close-in"
— Close-in propagation model"longley-rice"
— Longley-Rice propagation model"tirem"
— TIREM™ propagation model"raytracing"
— Ray tracing propagation model that uses the shooting and bouncing rays (SBR) method. When you specify a ray tracing model as input, the function incorporates multipath interference by using a phasor sum.A propagation model created using the
propagationModel
function. For example, you can create a ray tracing propagation model that uses the image method by specifyingpropagationModel("raytracing","Method","image")
.
The default value depends on the coordinate system used by the input sites.
Coordinate System | Default propagation model value |
---|---|
"geographic" |
|
"cartesian" |
|
Terrain propagation models, including "longley-rice"
and
"tirem"
, are only supported for sites with a
CoordinateSystem
value of
"geographic"
.
You can also specify the propagation model by using the
PropagationModel
name-value pair argument.
Name-Value Arguments
Specify optional pairs of arguments as
Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN
, where Name
is
the argument name and Value
is the corresponding value.
Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the
pairs does not matter.
Example: sinr(txs,MaxRange=8000)
specifies the range of the SINR
map region as 8000 m from the site location.
Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose
Name
in quotes.
Example: sinr(txs,"MaxRange",8000)
specifies the range of the
SINR map region as 8000 m from the site location.
SignalSource
— Signal source of interest
"strongest"
(default) | txsite
object | array of txsite
objects
Signal source of interest, specified as one of these options:
"strongest"
— Color each location on the map using the strongest signal available at that location.A
txsite
object — Color all locations using the specified transmitter site as the signal source of interest.An array of
txsite
objects — Color each receiver site specified byrxs
using the corresponding transmitter site as the signal source of interest. The sizes of the array andrxs
must match.
PropagationModel
— Propagation model to use for path loss calculations
"freespace"
| "close-in"
| "rain"
| "gas"
| "fog"
| "longley-rice"
| "raytracing"
| propagation model created using propagationModel
Propagation model to use for the path loss calculations, specified as one of these options:
"freespace"
— Free space propagation model"rain"
— Rain propagation model"gas"
— Gas propagation model"fog"
— Fog propagation model"close-in"
— Close-in propagation model"longley-rice"
— Longley-Rice propagation model"tirem"
— TIREM propagation model"raytracing"
— Ray tracing propagation model that uses the shooting and bouncing rays (SBR) method. When you specify a ray tracing model as input, the function incorporates multipath interference by using a phasor sum.A propagation model created using the
propagationModel
function. For example, you can create a ray tracing propagation model that uses the image method by specifyingpropagationModel("raytracing","Method","image")
.
The default value depends on the coordinate system used by the input sites.
Coordinate System | Default propagation model value |
---|---|
"geographic" |
|
"cartesian" |
|
Terrain propagation models, including "longley-rice"
and
"tirem"
, are only supported for sites with a
CoordinateSystem
value of
"geographic"
.
Data Types: char
| string
ReceiverNoisePower
— Total noise power at receiver in dBm
-107
(default) | scalar
Total noise power at receiver, specified as a scalar in dBm. The default value assumes that the receiver bandwidth is 1 MHz and receiver noise figure is 7 dB.
The receiver noise in dBm, N, is represented by the equation:
where:
B is the receiver bandwidth in Hz.
F is the noise figure in dB.
ReceiverGain
— Receiver gain in dBi
2.1
(default) | scalar
Mobile receiver gain, specified as a scalar in dBi. The receiver gain
values include the antenna gain and the system loss. If you call the
function using an output argument, the default value is computed using
rxs
.
ReceiverAntennaHeight
— Height of phase center of receiver antenna in m
1
(default) | scalar
Height above the ground of the phase center of the receiver antenna,
specified as a scalar in m. If you specify an output argument, by
default, the function uses the receiver sites in
rxs
.
Map
— Map for visualization or surface data
siteviewer
object | triangulation
object | string scalar | character vector
Map for visualization or surface data, specified as a siteviewer
object, a triangulation
object, a string scalar, or a character vector.
Valid and default values depend on the coordinate system.
Coordinate System | Valid map values | Default map value |
---|---|---|
"geographic" |
|
|
"cartesian" |
|
|
a Alignment of boundaries and region labels are a presentation of the feature provided by the data vendors and do not imply endorsement by MathWorks®. |
In most cases, if you specify this argument as a value other than a siteviewer
or
"none"
, then you must also specify an output argument.
Data Types: char
| string
Values
— Values of SINR for display
[-5:20]
(default) | numeric vector
Values of SINR for display, specified as a numeric vector. Each value
is displayed as a different colored, filled on the contour map. The
function derives the contour colors using the
Colormap
and ColorLimits
arguments.
MaxRange
— Maximum range in m
numeric scalar
Maximum range of the SINR map from each transmitter site, specified as
a positive numeric scalar in m representing great circle distance.
MaxRange
defines the region of interest on the
map to plot. The default value depends on the type of propagation model.
Type of Propagation Model | Default Maximum Range |
---|---|
Atmospheric or empirical | 30 km |
Terrain | The minimum of 30 km and the distance to the furthest building |
Ray tracing | 500 m |
For more information about the types of propagation models, see Choose a Propagation Model.
Data Types: double
Resolution
— Resolution of receiver site locations used to compute SINR values
"auto"
(default) | numeric scalar
Resolution of receiver site locations used to compute SINR values,
specified as "auto"
or a numeric scalar in m. The
resolution defines the maximum distance between the locations. If the
resolution is "auto"
, the function computes a value
scaled to MaxRange
. Decreasing the resolution
increases the quality of the SINR map and the time required to create
it.
Colormap
— Colormap for coloring filled contours
"jet"
(default) | M-by-3
array of RGB
triplets
Colormap for coloring filled contours, specified as a predefined
colormap or an M-by-3
array of RGB
triplets, where M is the number of individual
colors.
ColorLimits
— Color limits for colormap
[-5 20]
(default) | two-element vector
Color limits for the colormap, specified as a two-element vector of
the form [cmin cmax]
. The value of
cmin
must be less than cmax
.
The color limits indicate the SINR values that map to the first and last colors in the colormap.
ShowLegend
— Show signal strength color legend on map
true
(default) | false
Show signal strength color legend on map, specified as
true
or false
.
Data Types: logical
Transparency
— Transparency of SINR map
0.4
(default) | numeric scalar
Transparency of the SINR map, specified as a numeric scalar in the
range 0
to 1
. 0
is transparent and 1
is opaque.
Output Arguments
pd
— SINR data
propagationData
object
SINR data, returned as a propagationData
object with these properties:
Name
has a value of'SINR Data'
.Data
contains a table withLatitude
,Longitude
, andSINR
table variables.DataVariableName
has a value of'SINR'
.
r
— SINR at the receiver
numeric vector (default)
SINR at the receiver due to the transmitter sites, returned as a numeric vector. The length of the vector matches the number of receiver sites.
Data Types: double
Limitations
When you specify a RayTracing
object as
input to the sinr
function, the value of the
MaxNumDiffractions
property must be 0
or
1
.
References
[1] International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication Sector. Effects of Building Materials and Structures on Radiowave Propagation Above About 100MHz. Recommendation P.2040. ITU-R, approved August 23, 2023. https://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-P.2040/en.
[2] International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication Sector. Electrical Characteristics of the Surface of the Earth. Recommendation P.527. ITU-R, approved September 27, 2021. https://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-P.527/en.
Version History
Introduced in R2019bR2024a: Ray tracing functions model materials using updated ITU recommendations
When calculating SINR using ray tracing models, the
sinr
function models materials using the methods and
equations in International Telecommunication Union Recommendations (ITU-R) P.2040-3
[1] and ITU-R P.527-5
through ITU-R P.527-6 [2].
In previous releases, the function used ITU-R P.2040-1. As a result of these
changes, the sinr
function can return different values
in R2024a compared to previous releases.
R2023b: Perform ray tracing analysis with multiple materials in the same scene
The sinr
function performs ray tracing analysis with multiple materials in the same scene when:
You create the scene from a glTF file, and specify the
propmodel
input argument as"raytracing"
or aRayTracing
propagation model object with itsSurfaceMaterial
property set to"auto"
(the default).You create the scene from an OpenStreetMap® file or a geospatial table, and you specify the
propmodel
input argument as"raytracing"
or aRayTracing
propagation model object with itsBuildingsMaterial
property set to"auto"
(the default).
The sinr
function performs the ray tracing analysis using the
materials stored in the file or table. If the file or table does not specify materials, or
if the file or table specifies a material that the ray tracing analysis does not support,
then the function uses concrete instead of the absent or unsupported material.
As a result, the sinr
function can return different values in
R2023b compared to previous releases. To avoid using the materials stored in the file or
table, create a RayTracing
object (by using the propagationModel
function) and set its SurfaceMaterial
property to
"plasterboard"
and its BuildingsMaterial
property to "concrete"
. Then, use the object as input to the
sinr
function.
R2023b: Ray tracing analysis with SBR method shows improved performance in complex scenes
The sinr
function shows improved performance with complex scenes when you specify a RayTracing
propagation model object that uses the shooting and bouncing rays (SBR) method as input.
The time that MATLAB® requires to perform ray tracing analysis depends on the scene and on the
properties of the RayTracing
object, such as the
AngularSeparation
, MaxNumDiffractions
,
MaxNumReflections
, MaxAbsolutePathLoss
, and
MaxRelativePathLoss
properties. In some cases, with moderate values
of the MaxAbsolutePathLoss
and MaxRelativePathLoss
properties, the ray tracing analysis can be more than 2x faster in R2023b than in
R2023a.
R2023a: Ray tracing models discard paths based on path loss
Ray tracing propagation models discard propagation paths based on path loss
thresholds. By default, when you specify the propmodel
input
argument as "raytracing"
or a RayTracing
object, the propagation model discards paths that are more than 40 dB weaker than
the strongest path.
As a result, the sinr
function can return different values in
R2023a compared to previous releases. To avoid discarding paths based on relative
path loss thresholds, create a RayTracing
object (by using the
propagationModel
function) and set its
MaxRelativePathLoss
property to Inf
.
Then, use the object as input to the sinr
function.
R2022b: Ray tracing functions consider multipath interference
When calculating SINR using ray tracing models, the sinr
function now incorporates multipath interference by using a phasor sum. In previous
releases, the function used a power sum. As a result, the calculations in R2022b are
more accurate than in previous releases.
R2021b: "raytracing"
propagation models use SBR method
Starting in R2021b, when you use the sinr
function and
specify the propmodel
argument or
PropagationModel
name-value argument as
"raytracing"
, the function uses the shooting and bouncing
rays (SBR) method and calculates up to two reflections. In previous releases, the
sinr
function uses the image method and calculates up to
one reflection.
To display or compute the SINR using the image method instead, create a
propagation model by using the propagationModel
function. Then, use the sinr
function with the propagation model as input. This example shows how to update your
code.
pm = propagationModel("raytracing","Method","image"); sinr(txs,pm)
For information about the SBR and image methods, see Choose a Propagation Model.
Starting in R2021b, all RF Propagation functions use the SBR method by default and calculate up to two reflections. For more information, see Default modeling method is shooting and bouncing rays method.
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