wlanLLTF

Generate L-LTF waveform

Syntax

y = wlanLLTF(cfg)

y = wlanLLTF(cfg,OversamplingFactor=osf)

Description

y = wlanLLTF(cfg) generates an L-LTF¹ time-domain waveform with transmission parameters cfg.

y = wlanLLTF(cfg,OversamplingFactor=osf) generates an oversampled L-LTF waveform with the specified oversampling factor. For more information about oversampling, see FFT-Based Oversampling.

Examples

Generate L-LTF Waveform

Generate the L-LTF for a 40 MHz single antenna VHT packet.

cfgVHT = wlanVHTConfig('ChannelBandwidth', 'CBW40');
y = wlanLLTF(cfgVHT);
size(y)

ans = 1×2

   320     1

plot(abs(y))
xlabel('Samples')
ylabel('Amplitude')

The output L-LTF waveform contains 320 time-domain samples for a 40 MHz channel bandwidth.

Input Arguments

cfg — Transmission parameters

wlanVHTConfig object | wlanHTConfig object | wlanNonHTConfig object

Transmission parameters, specified as a wlanVHTConfig, wlanHTConfig, or wlanNonHTConfig object.

osf — Oversampling factor

1 (default) | scalar greater than or equal to 1

Oversampling factor, specified as a scalar greater than or equal to 1. The oversampled cyclic prefix length must be an integer number of samples.

Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64

Output Arguments

y — L-LTF time-domain waveform

matrix

L-LTF time-domain waveform, returned as an N_S-by-N_T matrix. N_S is the number of time-domain samples, and N_T is the number of transmit antennas.

N_S is proportional to the channel bandwidth. The time-domain waveform consists of two symbols.

ChannelBandwidth	NS
'CBW5', 'CBW10', 'CBW20'	160
'CBW40'	320
'CBW80'	640
'CBW160'	1280
'CBW320'	2560

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes

More About

L-LTF

The L-LTF is the second field in the 802.11™ OFDM PLCP legacy preamble. The L-LTF is a component of EHT, HE, VHT, HT, and non-HT PPDUs.

Channel estimation, fine frequency offset estimation, and fine symbol timing offset estimation rely on the L-LTF.

The L-LTF is composed of a cyclic prefix (CP) followed by two identical long training symbols (C1 and C2). The CP consists of the second half of the long training symbol.

The L-LTF duration varies with channel bandwidth.

Channel Bandwidth (MHz)	Subcarrier Frequency Spacing ΔF (kHz)	Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Period (TFFT = 1 / ΔF)	Cyclic Prefix or Training Symbol Guard Interval (GI2) Duration (TGI2 = TFFT / 2)	L-LTF Duration (TLONG = TGI2 + 2 × TFFT)
20, 40, 80, 160, and 320	312.5	3.2 μs	1.6 μs	8 μs
10	156.25	6.4 μs	3.2 μs	16 μs
5	78.125	12.8 μs	6.4 μs	32 μs

Algorithms

L-LTF Processing

The L-LTF is two OFDM symbols long and follows the L-STF of the preamble in the packet structure for the EHT, HE, VHT, HT, and non-HT formats. For algorithm details, refer to IEEE Std 802.11ac™-2013 [1], Section 22.3.8.2.3 and IEEE Std 802.11-2012 [2], Section 20.3.9.3.4.

FFT-Based Oversampling

An oversampled signal is a signal sampled at a frequency that is higher than the Nyquist rate. WLAN signals maximize occupied bandwidth by using small guardbands, which can pose problems for anti-imaging and anti-aliasing filters. Oversampling increases the guardband width relative to the total signal bandwidth, which increases the number of samples in the signal.

This function performs oversampling by using a larger IFFT and zero pad when generating an OFDM waveform. This diagram shows the oversampling process for an OFDM waveform with N_FFT subcarriers made up of N_g guardband subcarriers on either side of N_st occupied bandwidth subcarriers.

References

[1] IEEE Std 802.11ac™-2013 IEEE Standard for Information technology — Telecommunications and information exchange between systems — Local and metropolitan area networks — Specific requirements — Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications — Amendment 4: Enhancements for Very High Throughput for Operation in Bands below 6 GHz.

[2] IEEE Std 802.11™-2012 IEEE Standard for Information technology — Telecommunications and information exchange between systems — Local and metropolitan area networks — Specific requirements — Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using MATLAB® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced in R2015b