Cash flow and time mapping for bond portfolio
In R2017b, the specification of optional input arguments has changed. While the
previous ordered inputs syntax is still supported, it may no longer be supported in a
future release. Use the optional name-value pair inputs: Period
,
Basis
, EndMonthRule
,
IssueDate
,FirstCouponDate
,
LastCouponDate
,
StartDate
,Face
,
AdjustCashFlowsBasis
,
BusinessDayConvention
,
CompoundingFrequency
, DiscountBasis
,
Holidays
, and PrincipalType
.
[
returns matrices of cash flow amounts, cash flow dates, time factors, and cash flow
flags for a portfolio of CFlowAmounts
,CFlowDates
,TFactors
,CFlowFlags
,CFPrincipal
] = cfamounts(CouponRate
,Settle
,Maturity
)NUMBONDS
fixed-income securities.
The elements contained in the cfamounts
outputs for the cash
flow matrix, time factor matrix, and cash flow flag matrix correspond to the cash
flow dates for each security. The first element of each row in the cash flow matrix
is the accrued interest payable on each bond. This accrued interest is zero in the
case of all zero coupon bonds. cfamounts
determines all cash
flows and time mappings for a bond whether or not the coupon structure contains odd
first or last periods. All output matrices are padded with NaN
s
as necessary to ensure that all rows have the same number of elements.
[
adds optional name-value arguments. CFlowAmounts
,CFlowDates
,TFactors
,CFlowFlags
,CFPrincipal
] = cfamounts(___,Name,Value
)
This example shows how to compute the cash flow structure and time factors for a bond portfolio that contains a corporate bond paying interest quarterly and a Treasury bond paying interest semiannually.
Settle = '01-Nov-1993'; Maturity = ['15-Dec-1994';'15-Jun-1995']; CouponRate= [0.06; 0.05]; Period = [4; 2]; Basis = [1; 0]; [CFlowAmounts, CFlowDates, TFactors, CFlowFlags] = ... cfamounts(CouponRate,Settle, Maturity, Period, Basis)
CFlowAmounts = 2×6
-0.7667 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 101.5000
-1.8989 2.5000 2.5000 2.5000 102.5000 NaN
CFlowDates = 2×6
728234 728278 728368 728460 728552 728643
728234 728278 728460 728643 728825 NaN
TFactors = 2×6
0 0.2404 0.7403 1.2404 1.7403 2.2404
0 0.2404 1.2404 2.2404 3.2404 NaN
CFlowFlags = 2×6
0 3 3 3 3 4
0 3 3 3 4 NaN
CFlowDates
This example shows how to compute the cash flow structure and time factors for a bond portfolio that contains a corporate bond paying interest quarterly and a Treasury bond paying interest semiannually and CFlowDates
is returned as a datetime array.
Settle = datetime('01-Nov-1993','Locale','en_US'); Maturity = ['15-Dec-1994';'15-Jun-1995']; CouponRate= [0.06; 0.05]; Period = [4; 2]; Basis = [1; 0]; [CFlowAmounts, CFlowDates, TFactors, CFlowFlags] = cfamounts(CouponRate,... Settle, Maturity, Period, Basis)
CFlowAmounts = 2×6
-0.7667 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 101.5000
-1.8989 2.5000 2.5000 2.5000 102.5000 NaN
CFlowDates = 2x6 datetime
Columns 1 through 5
01-Nov-1993 15-Dec-1993 15-Mar-1994 15-Jun-1994 15-Sep-1994
01-Nov-1993 15-Dec-1993 15-Jun-1994 15-Dec-1994 15-Jun-1995
Column 6
15-Dec-1994
NaT
TFactors = 2×6
0 0.2404 0.7403 1.2404 1.7403 2.2404
0 0.2404 1.2404 2.2404 3.2404 NaN
CFlowFlags = 2×6
0 3 3 3 3 4
0 3 3 3 4 NaN
This example shows how to compute the cash flow structure and time factors for a bond portfolio that contains a corporate bond paying interest quarterly and a Treasury bond paying interest semiannually. This example uses the following Name-Value pairs for Period
, Basis
, BusinessDayConvention
, and AdjustCashFlowsBasis
.
Settle = '01-Jun-2010'; Maturity = ['15-Dec-2011';'15-Jun-2012']; CouponRate= [0.06; 0.05]; Period = [4; 2]; Basis = [1; 0]; [CFlowAmounts, CFlowDates, TFactors, CFlowFlags] = ... cfamounts(CouponRate,Settle, Maturity, 'Period',Period, ... 'Basis', Basis, 'AdjustCashFlowsBasis', true,... 'BusinessDayConvention','modifiedfollow')
CFlowAmounts = 2×8
-1.2667 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 1.5000 101.5000
-2.3077 2.4932 2.5068 2.4932 2.5000 102.5000 NaN NaN
CFlowDates = 2×8
734290 734304 734396 734487 734577 734669 734761 734852
734290 734304 734487 734669 734852 735035 NaN NaN
TFactors = 2×8
0 0.0778 0.5778 1.0778 1.5778 2.0778 2.5778 3.0778
0 0.0769 1.0769 2.0769 3.0769 4.0769 NaN NaN
CFlowFlags = 2×8
0 3 3 3 3 3 3 4
0 3 3 3 3 4 NaN NaN
cfamounts
With a CouponRate
ScheduleThis example shows how to use cfamounts
with a CouponRate
schedule. For CouponRate
and Face
that change over the life of the bond, schedules for CouponRate
and Face
can be specified with an NINST
-by-1 cell array, where each element is a NumDates
-by-2 matrix where the first column is dates and the second column is associated rates.
CouponSchedule = {[datenum('15-Mar-2012') .04;datenum('15- Mar -2013') .05;... datenum('15- Mar -2015') .06]}
CouponSchedule = 1x1 cell array
{3x2 double}
cfamounts(CouponSchedule,'01-Mar-2011','15-Mar-2015' )
ans = 1×10
-1.8453 2.0000 2.0000 2.0000 2.5000 2.5000 3.0000 3.0000 3.0000 103.0000
cfamounts
With a Face
ScheduleThis example shows how to use cfamounts
with a Face
schedule. For CouponRate
and Face
that change over the life of the bond, schedules for CouponRate
and Face
can be specified with an NINST
-by-1 cell array, where each element is a NumDates
-by-2 matrix where the first column is dates and the second column is associated rates.
FaceSchedule = {[datenum('15-Mar-2012') 100;datenum('15- Mar -2013') 90;... datenum('15- Mar -2015') 80]}
FaceSchedule = 1x1 cell array
{3x2 double}
cfamounts(.05,'01-Mar-2011','15-Mar-2015', 'Face', FaceSchedule)
ans = 1×10
-2.3066 2.5000 2.5000 12.5000 2.2500 12.2500 2.0000 2.0000 2.0000 82.0000
cfamounts
to Generate the Cash Flows for a Sinking BondThis example shows how to use cfamounts
to generate the cash flows for a sinking bond.
[CFlowAmounts,CFDates,TFactors,CFFlags,CFPrincipal] = cfamounts(.05,'04-Nov-2010',... {'15-Jul-2014';'15-Jul-2015'},'Face',{[datenum('15-Jul-2013') 100;datenum('15-Jul-2014')... 90;datenum('15-Jul-2015') 80]})
CFlowAmounts = 2×11
-1.5217 2.5000 2.5000 2.5000 2.5000 2.5000 12.5000 2.2500 92.2500 NaN NaN
-1.5217 2.5000 2.5000 2.5000 2.5000 2.5000 12.5000 2.2500 12.2500 2.0000 82.0000
CFDates = 2×11
734446 734518 734699 734883 735065 735249 735430 735614 735795 NaN NaN
734446 734518 734699 734883 735065 735249 735430 735614 735795 735979 736160
TFactors = 2×11
0 0.3913 1.3913 2.3913 3.3913 4.3913 5.3913 6.3913 7.3913 NaN NaN
0 0.3913 1.3913 2.3913 3.3913 4.3913 5.3913 6.3913 7.3913 8.3913 9.3913
CFFlags = 2×11
0 3 3 3 3 3 13 3 4 NaN NaN
0 3 3 3 3 3 13 3 13 3 4
CFPrincipal = 2×11
0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 90 NaN NaN
0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10 0 80
CouponRate
— Annual percentage rate used to determine coupons payable on a bondAnnual percentage rate used to determine the coupons payable on a bond,
specified as decimal using a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector.
CouponRate
is 0
for zero coupon
bonds.
Note
CouponRate
and Face
can change
over the life of the bond. Schedules for CouponRate
and Face
can be specified with an
NBONDS
-by-1
cell array, where
each element is a NumDates
-by-2
matrix or cell array, where the first column is dates (serial date
numbers or character vectors) and the second column is associated rates.
The date indicates the last day that the coupon rate or face value is
valid. This means that the corresponding CouponRate
and Face
value applies "on or before" the specified
ending date.
Data Types: double
| cell
| char
Settle
— Settlement date of bondSettlement date of the bond, specified as a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector using serial
date numbers, date character vectors, or datetime arrays. The
Settle
date must be before the
Maturity
date.
Data Types: double
| char
| datetime
Maturity
— Maturity date of bondMaturity date of the bond, specified as a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector using serial
date numbers, date character vectors, or datetime arrays.
Data Types: double
| char
| datetime
Specify optional
comma-separated pairs of Name,Value
arguments. Name
is
the argument name and Value
is the corresponding value.
Name
must appear inside quotes. You can specify several name and value
pair arguments in any order as
Name1,Value1,...,NameN,ValueN
.
[CFlowAmounts, CFlowDates, TFactors, CFlowFlags] = ...
cfamounts(CouponRate,Settle,
Maturity,'Period',4,'Basis',3,'AdjustCashFlowsBasis',true,'BusinessDayConvention','modifiedfollow')
'Period'
— Number of coupon payments per year for bond2
(default) | numeric with values 0
, 1
,
2
, 3
, 4
,
6
or 12
Number of coupon payments per year for the bond, specified as the
comma-separated pair consisting of 'Period'
and a
scalar or a NBONDS
-by-1
vector
using the values: 0
, 1
,
2
, 3
, 4
,
6
, or 12
.
Data Types: double
'Basis'
— Day-count basis of bond0
(default) | numeric values: 0
,1
,
2
, 3
, 4
,
6
, 7
, 8
,
9
, 10
, 11
,
12
, 13
Day-count basis of the bond, specified as the comma-separated pair
consisting of 'Basis'
and a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector using a
supported value:
0 = actual/actual
1 = 30/360 (SIA)
2 = actual/360
3 = actual/365
4 = 30/360 (PSA)
5 = 30/360 (ISDA)
6 = 30/360 (European)
7 = actual/365 (Japanese)
8 = actual/actual (ICMA)
9 = actual/360 (ICMA)
10 = actual/365 (ICMA)
11 = 30/360E (ICMA)
12 = actual/365 (ISDA)
13 = BUS/252
For more information, see Basis.
Data Types: double
'EndMonthRule'
— End-of-month rule flag1
(in effect) (default) | nonnegative integer 0
or
1
End-of-month rule flag, specified as the comma-separated pair
consisting of 'EndMonthRule'
and a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector. This rule
applies only when Maturity
is an end-of-month date
for a month having 30 or fewer days.
0
= Ignore rule, meaning that a bond
coupon payment date is always the same numerical day of the
month.
1
= Set rule on, meaning that a bond
coupon payment date is always the last actual day of the
month.
Data Types: logical
'IssueDate'
— Bond issue dateBond issue date (the date the bond begins to accrue interest),
specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of
'IssueDate'
and a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector using
serial date numbers, date character vectors, or datetime arrays. The
IssueDate
cannot be after the
Settle
date.
If you do not specify an IssueDate
, the cash flow
payment dates are determined from other inputs.
Data Types: double
| char
| datetime
'FirstCouponDate'
— Irregular or normal first coupon dateIrregular or normal first coupon date, specified as the
comma-separated pair consisting of 'FirstCouponDate'
and a scalar or a NBONDS
-by-1
vector using serial date numbers, date character vectors, or datetime
arrays.
If you do not specify a FirstCouponDate
, the cash
flow payment dates are determined from other inputs.
Note
When FirstCouponDate
and
LastCouponDate
are both specified, the FirstCouponDate
takes
precedence in determining the coupon payment structure. If
FirstCouponDate
is not specified, then
LastCouponDate
determines the coupon
structure of the bond.
Data Types: double
| char
| datetime
'LastCouponDate'
— Irregular or normal last coupon dateIrregular or normal last coupon date, specified as the comma-separated
pair consisting of 'LastCouponDate'
and a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector using
serial date numbers, date character vectors, or datetime arrays.
Note
When FirstCouponDate
and
LastCouponDate
are both specified, the
FirstCouponDate
takes precedence in
determining the coupon payment structure. If
FirstCouponDate
is not specified, then
LastCouponDate
determines the coupon
structure of the bond.
Data Types: double
| char
| datetime
'StartDate'
— Forward starting date of coupon paymentsForward starting date of coupon payments after the
Settle
date, specified as the comma-separated
pair consisting of 'StartDate'
and a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector using
serial date numbers, date character vectors, or datetime arrays.
Note
To make an instrument forward starting, specify
StartDate
as a future date.
If you do not specify a StartDate
, the effective
start date is the Settle
date.
Data Types: double
| char
| datetime
'Face'
— Face value of bond100
(default) | numericFace value of the bond, specified as the comma-separated pair
consisting of 'Face'
and a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector.
Note
CouponRate
and Face
can
change over the life of the bond. Schedules for
CouponRate
and Face
can
be specified with an
NBONDS
-by-1
cell array
where each element is a
NumDates
-by-2
matrix or
cell array, where the first column is dates (serial date numbers or
character vectors) and the second column is associated rates. The
date indicates the last day that the coupon rate or face value is
valid. This means that the corresponding
CouponRate
and Face
value applies "on or before" the specified ending date.
When the corresponding Face
value is used to
compute the coupon cashflow on the specified ending date. Three
things happen on the specified ending date:
The last coupon corresponding to the current
Face
value is paid.
The principal differential (between the current and
the next Face
value) is paid.
The date marks the beginning of the period with the
next Face
value, for which the
cashflow does not occur until later.
Data Types: double
| cell
| char
'AdjustCashFlowsBasis'
— Adjusts cash flows according to accrual amount based on actual period day countfalse
(default) | logical with a value of true
or
false
Adjusts cash flows according to the accrual amount based on the actual
period day count, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of
'AdjustCashFlowsBasis'
and a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector.
Data Types: logical
'BusinessDayConvention'
— Business day conventions'actual'
(default) | character vector with values'actual'
,
'follow'
, 'modifiedfollow'
,
'previous'
or
'modifiedprevious'
Business day conventions, specified as the comma-separated pair
consisting of 'BusinessDayConvention'
and a scalar or
NBONDS
-by-1
cell array of
character vectors of business day conventions to be used in computing
payment dates. The selection for business day convention determines how
nonbusiness days are treated. Nonbusiness days are defined as weekends
plus any other date that businesses are not open (for example, statutory
holidays). Values are:
'actual'
— Nonbusiness days are
effectively ignored. Cash flows that fall on non-business
days are assumed to be distributed on the actual
date.
'follow'
— Cash flows that fall
on a nonbusiness day are assumed to be distributed on the
following business day.
'modifiedfollow'
— Cash flows
that fall on a non-business day are assumed to be
distributed on the following business day. However if the
following business day is in a different month, the previous
business day is adopted instead.
'previous'
— Cash flows that
fall on a nonbusiness day are assumed to be distributed on
the previous business day.
'modifiedprevious'
— Cash flows
that fall on a nonbusiness day are assumed to be distributed
on the previous business day. However if the previous
business day is in a different month, the following business
day is adopted instead.
Data Types: char
| cell
'CompoundingFrequency'
— Compounding frequency for yield calculation2
, ICMA uses
1
(default) | integer with value of 1
, 2
,
3
, 4
, 6
, or
12
Compounding frequency for yield calculation, specified as the
comma-separated pair consisting of
'CompoundingFrequency'
and a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector. Values are:
1
— Annual compounding
2
— Semiannual compounding
3
— Compounding three times per
year
4
— Quarterly compounding
6
— Bimonthly compounding
12
— Monthly compounding
Note
By default, SIA bases
(0
-7
) and
BUS/252
use a semiannual compounding
convention and ICMA bases
(8
-12
) use an annual
compounding convention.
Data Types: double
'DiscountBasis'
— Basis used to compute the discount factors for computing the yield0
(default) | integers of the set [0...13]
| vector of integers of the set [0...13]
Basis used to compute the discount factors for computing the yield,
specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of
'DiscountBasis'
and a scalar or a
NBONDS
-by-1
vector. Values
are:
0 = actual/actual
1 = 30/360 (SIA)
2 = actual/360
3 = actual/365
4 = 30/360 (PSA)
5 = 30/360 (ISDA)
6 = 30/360 (European)
7 = actual/365 (Japanese)
8 = actual/actual (ICMA)
9 = actual/360 (ICMA)
10 = actual/365 (ICMA)
11 = 30/360E (ICMA)
12 = actual/365 (ISDA)
13 = BUS/252
For more information, see Basis.
Note
If a SIA day-count basis is defined in the
Basis
input argument and there is no
value assigned for DiscountBasis
, the default
behavior is for SIA bases to use the
actual/actual
day count to compute
discount factors.
If an ICMA day-count basis or BUS/252
is
defined in the Basis
input argument and
there is no value assigned for DiscountBasis
,
the specified bases from the Basis
input
argument are used.
Data Types: double
'Holidays'
— Dates for holidaysholidays.m
used (default)Dates for holidays, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting
of 'Holidays'
and a
NHOLIDAYS
-by-1
vector of
MATLAB® dates using serial date numbers, date character vectors,
or datetime arrays. Holidays are used in computing business days.
Data Types: double
| char
| datetime
'PrincipalType'
— Type of principal when a Face
schedule is specifiedsinking
(default) | character vector with values 'sinking'
or
'bullet'
Type of principal when a Face
schedule,
specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of
'PrincipalType'
and a value of
'sinking'
or 'bullet'
using a
scalar or a NBONDS
-by-1
vector.
If 'sinking'
, principal cash flows are returned
throughout the life of the bond.
If 'bullet'
, principal cash flow is only returned
at maturity.
Data Types: char
| cell
CFlowAmounts
— Cash flow amountsCash flow amounts, returned as a
NBONDS
-by-NCFS
(number of cash
flows) matrix. The first entry in each row vector is the accrued interest
due at settlement. This amount could be zero, positive or negative. If no
accrued interest is due, the first column is zero. If the bond is trading
ex-coupon then the accrued interest is negative.
CFlowDates
— Cash flow dates for a portfolio of bondsCash flow dates for a portfolio of bonds, returned as a
NBONDS
-by-NCFS
matrix. Each row
represents a single bond in the portfolio. Each element in a column
represents a cash flow date of that bond.
If all the above inputs (Settle
,
Maturity
, IssueDate
,
FirstCouponDate
,
LastCouponDate
, and StartDate
)
are either serial date numbers or date character vectors, then
CFlowDates
is returned as a serial date number. If
any of these inputs are datetime arrays, then CFlowDates
is returned as a datetime array.
TFactors
— Matrix of time factors for a portfolio of bondsMatrix of time factors for a portfolio of bonds, returned as a
NBONDS
-by-NCFS
matrix. Each row
corresponds to the vector of time factors for each bond. Each element in a
column corresponds to the specific time factor associated with each cash
flow of a bond.
Time factors are for price/yield conversion and time factors are in units of whole semiannual coupon periods plus any fractional period using an actual day count. For more information on time factors, see Time Factors.
CFlowFlags
— Cash flow flags for a portfolio of bondsCash flow flags for a portfolio of bonds, returned as a
NBONDS
-by-NCFS
matrix. Each row
corresponds to the vector of cash flow flags for each bond. Each element in
a column corresponds to the specific flag associated with each cash flow of
a bond. Flags identify the type of each cash flow (for example, nominal
coupon cash flow, front, or end partial, or "stub" coupon, maturity cash
flow).
Flag |
Cash Flow Type |
---|---|
|
Accrued interest due on a bond at settlement. |
|
Initial cash flow amount smaller than normal due to a “stub” coupon period. A stub period is created when the time from issue date to first coupon date is shorter than normal. |
|
Larger than normal initial cash flow amount because the first coupon period is longer than normal. |
|
Nominal coupon cash flow amount. |
|
Normal maturity cash flow amount (face value plus the nominal coupon amount). |
|
End “stub” coupon amount (last coupon period is abnormally short and actual maturity cash flow is smaller than normal). |
|
Larger than normal maturity cash flow because the last coupon period longer than normal. |
|
Maturity cash flow on a coupon bond when the bond has less than one coupon period to maturity. |
|
Smaller than normal maturity cash flow when the bond has less than one coupon period to maturity. |
|
Larger than normal maturity cash flow when the bond has less than one coupon period to maturity. |
|
Maturity cash flow on a zero coupon bond. |
|
Sinking principal and initial cash flow amount smaller than normal due to a "stub" coupon period. A stub period is created when the time from issue date to first coupon date is shorter than normal. |
|
Sinking principal and larger than normal initial cash flow amount because the first coupon period is longer than normal. |
|
Sinking principal and nominal coupon cash flow amount. |
CFPrincipal
— Principal cash flowsPrincipal cash flows, returned as a
NBONDS
-by-NCFS
matrix.
If PrincipalType
is 'sinking'
,
CFPrincipal
output indicates when the principal is
returned.
If PrincipalType
is 'bullet'
,
CFPrincipal
is all zeros and, at
Maturity
, the appropriate Face
value.
Time factors help determine the present value of a stream of cash flows.
The term time factors refer to the exponent TF in the discounting equation
where:
PV = |
Present value of a cash flow. |
CF = |
Cash flow amount. |
z = |
Risk-adjusted annualized rate or yield corresponding to a given cash flow. The yield is quoted on a semiannual basis. |
f = |
Frequency of quotes for the yield. Default is
|
TF = |
Time factor for a given cash flow. The time factor is
computed using the compounding frequency and the discount
basis. If these values are not specified, then the defaults
are as follows:
|
Note
The Basis
is always used to compute accrued
interest.
[1] Krgin, D. Handbook of Global Fixed Income Calculations. Wiley, 2002.
[2] Mayle, J. "Standard Securities Calculations Methods: Fixed Income Securities Formulas for Analytic Measures." SIA, Vol 2, Jan 1994.
[3] Stigum, M., Robinson, F. Money Market and Bond Calculation. McGraw-Hill, 1996.
accrfrac
| cfdates
| cftimes
| cpncount
| cpndaten
| cpndatenq
| cpndatep
| cpndatepq
| cpndaysn
| cpndaysp
| datetime
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