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sbiosampleparameters

Generate parameters by sampling covariate model (requires Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox software)

Description

example

phi = sbiosampleparameters(covexpr,thetas,omega,ds) generates a matrix phi containing sampled parameter values using the covariate model specified by the covariate expression covexpr, fixed effects thetas, covariance matrix omega, and covariate data ds.

example

phi = sbiosampleparameters(covexpr,thetas,omega,n) uses a scalar n that specifies the number of rows in phi when the parameters are not dependent on any covariate.

example

[phi,covmodel] = sbiosampleparameters(_) returns a matrix phi and a covariate model object covmodel using any of the input arguments from previous syntaxes.

Examples

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This example uses data collected on 59 preterm infants given phenobarbital during the first 16 days after birth. Each infant received an initial dose followed by one or more sustaining doses by intravenous bolus administration. A total of between 1 and 6 concentration measurements were obtained from each infant at times other than dose times, for a total of 155 measurements. Infant weights and APGAR scores (a measure of newborn health) were also recorded. Data was described in [1], a study funded by the NIH/NIBIB grant P41-EB01975.

Load the data.

load pheno.mat ds

Visualize the data.

t = sbiotrellis(ds,'ID','TIME','CONC','marker','o','markerfacecolor',[.7 .7 .7],'markeredgecolor','r','linestyle','none');
t.plottitle = 'States versus Time';

Figure contains 64 axes objects. axes object 1 with title ID 1 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 2 with title ID 2 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 3 with title ID 3 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 4 with title ID 4 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 5 with title ID 5 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 6 with title ID 6 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 7 with title ID 7 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 8 with title ID 8 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 9 with title ID 9 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 10 with title ID 10 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 11 with title ID 11 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 12 with title ID 12 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 13 with title ID 13 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 14 with title ID 14 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 15 with title ID 15 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 16 with title ID 16 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 17 with title ID 17 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 18 with title ID 18 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 19 with title ID 19 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 20 with title ID 20 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 21 with title ID 21 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 22 with title ID 22 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 23 with title ID 23 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 24 with title ID 24 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 25 with title ID 25 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 26 with title ID 26 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 27 with title ID 27 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 28 with title ID 28 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 29 with title ID 29 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 30 with title ID 30 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 31 with title ID 31 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 32 with title ID 32 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 33 with title ID 33 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 34 with title ID 34 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 35 with title ID 35 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 36 with title ID 36 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 37 with title ID 37 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 38 with title ID 38 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 39 with title ID 39 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 40 with title ID 40 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 41 with title ID 41 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 42 with title ID 42 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 43 with title ID 43 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 44 with title ID 44 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 45 with title ID 45 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 46 with title ID 46 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 47 with title ID 47 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 48 with title ID 48 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 49 with title ID 49 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 50 with title ID 50 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 51 with title ID 51 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 52 with title ID 52 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 53 with title ID 53 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 54 with title ID 54 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 55 with title ID 55 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 56 with title ID 56 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 57 with title ID 57 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 58 with title ID 58 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. axes object 59 with title ID 59 contains a line object which displays its values using only markers. This object represents CONC. Axes object 60 is empty. Axes object 61 is empty. Axes object 62 is empty. Axes object 63 is empty. Axes object 64 is empty.

Create a one-compartment PK model with bolus dosing and linear clearance to model such data.

pkmd = PKModelDesign;
pkmd.addCompartment('Central','DosingType','Bolus','EliminationType','linear-clearance',...
                    'HasResponseVariable',true,'HasLag',false);
onecomp = pkmd.construct;

Suppose there is a correlation between the volume of the central compartment (Central) and the weight of infants. You can define this parameter-covariate relationship using a covariate model that can be described as

log(Vi)=θV+θVWEIGHTWEIGHTi+ηV,i,

where, for each ith infant, V is the volume, θs (thetas) are fixed effects, η (eta) represents random effects, and WEIGHT is the covariate.

covM = CovariateModel;
covM.Expression = {'Central = exp(theta1+theta2*WEIGHT+eta1)'};

Define the fixed and random effects. The column names of each table must have the names of fixed effects and random effects, respectively.

thetas = table(1.4,0.05,'VariableNames',{'theta1','theta2'});
eta1 = table(0.2,'VariableNames',{'eta1'});

Change the group label ID to GROUP as required by the sbiosampleparameters function.

ds.Properties.VariableNames{'ID'} = 'GROUP';

Generate parameter values for the volumes of central compartments Central based on the covariate model for all infants in the data set.

phi = sbiosampleparameters(covM.Expression,thetas,eta1,ds);

You can then simulate the model using the sampled parameter values. For convenience, use the function-like interface provided by a SimFunction object.

First, construct a SimFunction object using the createSimFunction method, specifying the volume (Central) as the parameter, and the drug concentration in the compartment (Drug_Central) as the output of the SimFunction object, and the dosed species.

f = createSimFunction(onecomp,covM.ParameterNames,'Drug_Central','Drug_Central');

The data set ds contains dosing information for each infant, and the groupedData object provides a convenient way to extract such dosing information. Convert ds to a groupedData object and extract dosing information.

grpData = groupedData(ds);
doses = createDoses(grpData,'DOSE');

Simulate the model using the sampled parameter values from phi and the extracted dosing information of each infant, and plot the results. The ith run uses the ith parameter value in phi and dosing information of the ith infant.

t = sbiotrellis(f(phi,200,doses.getTable),[],'TIME','Drug_Central');
% Resize the figure.
t.hFig.Position(:) = [100 100 1280 800];

Figure contains 64 axes objects. Axes object 1 with title Run 1 contains an object of type line. Axes object 2 with title Run 2 contains an object of type line. Axes object 3 with title Run 3 contains an object of type line. Axes object 4 with title Run 4 contains an object of type line. Axes object 5 with title Run 5 contains an object of type line. Axes object 6 with title Run 6 contains an object of type line. Axes object 7 with title Run 7 contains an object of type line. Axes object 8 with title Run 8 contains an object of type line. Axes object 9 with title Run 9 contains an object of type line. Axes object 10 with title Run 10 contains an object of type line. Axes object 11 with title Run 11 contains an object of type line. Axes object 12 with title Run 12 contains an object of type line. Axes object 13 with title Run 13 contains an object of type line. Axes object 14 with title Run 14 contains an object of type line. Axes object 15 with title Run 15 contains an object of type line. Axes object 16 with title Run 16 contains an object of type line. Axes object 17 with title Run 17 contains an object of type line. Axes object 18 with title Run 18 contains an object of type line. Axes object 19 with title Run 19 contains an object of type line. Axes object 20 with title Run 20 contains an object of type line. Axes object 21 with title Run 21 contains an object of type line. Axes object 22 with title Run 22 contains an object of type line. Axes object 23 with title Run 23 contains an object of type line. Axes object 24 with title Run 24 contains an object of type line. Axes object 25 with title Run 25 contains an object of type line. Axes object 26 with title Run 26 contains an object of type line. Axes object 27 with title Run 27 contains an object of type line. Axes object 28 with title Run 28 contains an object of type line. Axes object 29 with title Run 29 contains an object of type line. Axes object 30 with title Run 30 contains an object of type line. Axes object 31 with title Run 31 contains an object of type line. Axes object 32 with title Run 32 contains an object of type line. Axes object 33 with title Run 33 contains an object of type line. Axes object 34 with title Run 34 contains an object of type line. Axes object 35 with title Run 35 contains an object of type line. Axes object 36 with title Run 36 contains an object of type line. Axes object 37 with title Run 37 contains an object of type line. Axes object 38 with title Run 38 contains an object of type line. Axes object 39 with title Run 39 contains an object of type line. Axes object 40 with title Run 40 contains an object of type line. Axes object 41 with title Run 41 contains an object of type line. Axes object 42 with title Run 42 contains an object of type line. Axes object 43 with title Run 43 contains an object of type line. Axes object 44 with title Run 44 contains an object of type line. Axes object 45 with title Run 45 contains an object of type line. Axes object 46 with title Run 46 contains an object of type line. Axes object 47 with title Run 47 contains an object of type line. Axes object 48 with title Run 48 contains an object of type line. Axes object 49 with title Run 49 contains an object of type line. Axes object 50 with title Run 50 contains an object of type line. Axes object 51 with title Run 51 contains an object of type line. Axes object 52 with title Run 52 contains an object of type line. Axes object 53 with title Run 53 contains an object of type line. Axes object 54 with title Run 54 contains an object of type line. Axes object 55 with title Run 55 contains an object of type line. Axes object 56 with title Run 56 contains an object of type line. Axes object 57 with title Run 57 contains an object of type line. Axes object 58 with title Run 58 contains an object of type line. Axes object 59 with title Run 59 contains an object of type line. This object represents Drug_Central. Axes object 60 is empty. Axes object 61 is empty. Axes object 62 is empty. Axes object 63 is empty. Axes object 64 is empty.

Input Arguments

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Covariate expressions, specified as a cell array of character vectors or string vector that defines the parameter-covariate relationships.

If a model component name or covariate name is not a valid MATLAB® variable name, surround it by square brackets when referring to it in the expression. For example, if the name of a species is DNA polymerase+, write [DNA polymerase+]. If a covariate name itself contains square brackets, you cannot use it in the expression.

See CovariateModel to learn more about covariate expressions.

Fixed effects, specified as a table, groupedData, dataset, or numeric vector containing values for fixed effect parameters defined in the covariate expressions covexpr. Fixed effect parameter names must start with 'theta'.

  • If thetas is a table, thetas.Properties.VariableNames must match the names of the fixed effects.

    For example, suppose that you have three thetas: thetaOne = 0.1, theta2 = 0.2, and theta3 = 0.3. You can create the corresponding table.

    thetas = table(0.1,0.2,0.3);
    thetas.Properties.VariableNames = {'thetaOne','theta2','theta3'}
    thetas =
    
      1×3 table
    
        thetaOne    theta2    theta3
        ________    ______    ______
    
          0.1        0.2       0.3  

  • If thetas is a dataset, thetas.Properties.VarNames must match the names of the fixed effects.

  • If thetas is a numeric vector, the order of the values in the vector must be the same ascending ASCII dictionary order as the fixed effect names.

    Use the sort function to sort a cell array of character vectors to see the order.

    sort({'thetaOne','theta2','theta3'})
    ans =
    
      1×3 cell array
    
        {'theta2'}    {'theta3'}    {'thetaOne'}

    Then specify the value of each theta in the same order.

    thetas = [0.2 0.3 0.1];

Covariance matrix of random effects, specified as a table, groupedData, dataset, or matrix. Random effect parameter names must start with 'eta'.

  • If omega is a table, omega.Properties.VariableNames must match the names of the random effects. Specifying the row names (RowNames) is optional, but if you do, they must also match the names of random effects.

    Suppose that you want to define a diagonal covariance matrix with three random effect parameters eta1, eta2, and eta3 with the values 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3, respectively.

    [Cov(η1,η1)Cov(η,1η2)Cov(η1,η3)Cov(η2,η1)Cov(η2,η2)Cov(η2,η3)Cov(η3,η1)Cov(η3,η2)Cov(η3,η3)]=[eta1000eta2000eta3]

    You can construct the corresponding table.

    eta1 = [0.1;0;0];
    eta2 = [0;0.2;0];
    eta3 = [0;0;0.3];
    omega = table(eta1,eta2,eta3,'VariableNames',{'eta1','eta2','eta3'})
    omega =
    
      3×3 table
    
        eta1    eta2    eta3
        ____    ____    ____
    
        0.1       0       0 
          0     0.2       0 
          0       0     0.3 

  • If omega is a dataset, omega.Properties.VarNames must match the names of the random effects. Specifying the row names (ObsNames) is optional, but if you do, they must also match the names of random effects.

  • If omega is a matrix, the rows and columns must have the same ascending ASCII dictionary order as the random effect names.

    Use the sort function to sort a cell array of character vectors to see the order.

    sort({'eta1','eta2','eta3'})
    ans =
    
      1×3 cell array
    
        {'eta1'}    {'eta2'}    {'eta3'}

Covariate data, specified as a dataset, table, or groupedData containing the covariate data for all groups.

ds must have a column for each covariate used in the covariate model. The column names must match the names of the corresponding covariates used in the covariate expressions.

Number of rows in phi, specified as a scalar.

Output Arguments

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Sampled parameter values, returned as a matrix of size S-by-P, where S is the number of groups specified in ds or specified by n and P is the number of parameters which is equal to the number of elements in covexpr.

Covariate model, returned as a CovariateModel object which represents the model defined by covexpr.

References

[1] Grasela Jr, T.H., Donn, S.M. (1985) Neonatal population pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital derived from routine clinical data. Dev Pharmacol Ther. 8(6), 374–83.

Version History

Introduced in R2014a

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