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collect

Collect radar signals

Since R2025a

    Description

    propSig = collect(RX,TXsig,TXinfo,propPaths) returns coherently combined signals collected by the bistatic receiver object, RX, where TXsig is the transmitted signal returned by the transmit function called on the bistaticTransmitter object. On each call to collect, the transmissions defined by TXsig are propagated to RX and coherently combined. The simulation time is updated to the start time of the transmitted signal specified in TXinfo.

    example

    [propSig,propInfo] = collect(RX,TXsig,TXinfo,propPaths) also returns start time and sample rate information, RXinfo, for the received signal.

    [___] = collect(RX,t) returns the signals currently collected by the bistatic receiver, RX, and updates the simulation time of the receiver to a time, t, that is greater than or equal to the current simulation time.

    Examples

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    This example shows how to create a bistatic scenario with two bistatic transmitters. The receiver is located between the transmitters and there is a target with a custom radar cross section. Transmit and collect pulses for four receive windows and plot the results.

    Configure the bistatic transmitters. Use a pulse repetition frequencey of 1000 Hz.

    prf   = 1e3;
    wav   = phased.LinearFMWaveform(PRF=prf,PulseWidth=0.2/prf);
    ant   = phased.SincAntennaElement(Beamwidth=10);
    tx1   = bistaticTransmitter(Waveform=wav, ...
          Transmitter=phased.Transmitter(Gain=40), ...
          TransmitAntenna=phased.Radiator(Sensor=ant));
    tx2   = clone(tx1);
    prf   = 2e3;
    tx2.Waveform = phased.RectangularWaveform( ...
          PRF=prf,PulseWidth=0.2/prf);
    tx2.Transmitter.PeakPower = 2e3;

    Configure the bistatic receiver.

    rx    = bistaticReceiver( ...
          ReceiveAntenna=phased.Collector(Sensor=ant), ...
          WindowDuration=0.0025);
    freq  = tx1.TransmitAntenna.OperatingFrequency;

    Create bistatic transmitter platforms spaced 10 km apart. Put the receiver platform between the two transmitters. For this example, create the platforms in radarScenario. Define the platforms using platform.

    scene   = radarScenario(UpdateRate=prf);
    tx1Plat = platform(scene,Position=[-5e3 0 0], ...
            Orientation=rotz(85).');          
    tx2Plat = platform(scene,Position=[5e3 0 0], ...
            Orientation=rotz(95).');       
    rxPlat  = platform(scene,Position=[0 0 0], ...
            Orientation=rotz(90).');

    Place a stationary target platform down range and assign the target a radar cross section.

    rcsSig  = rcsSignature(Pattern=20); 
    tgtPlat = platform(scene,Position=[0 50e3 0], ...
            Signatures=rcsSig);

    Show platform locations and orientations.

    tp     = theaterPlot(Parent=axes(figure));
    txPltr = orientationPlotter(tp,Marker="^", ...
           DisplayName="TX",LocalAxesLength=1e3);
    rxPltr = orientationPlotter(tp,Marker="v", ...
           DisplayName="RX",LocalAxesLength=1e3);
    tgtPltr = orientationPlotter(tp,Marker="o", ...
            DisplayName="Target",LocalAxesLength=1e3);
    poses   = platformPoses(scene);
    plotOrientation(txPltr,[poses(1:2).Orientation], ...
    reshape([poses(1:2).Position],3,[]).',["TX1" "TX2"]);
    plotOrientation(rxPltr,poses(3).Orientation,poses(3).Position,"RX");
    plotOrientation(tgtPltr,poses(4).Orientation,poses(4).Position,"Target");

    Figure contains an axes object. The axes object with xlabel X (m), ylabel Y (m) contains 16 objects of type line, text. One or more of the lines displays its values using only markers These objects represent TX, x-TX, y-TX, z-TX, RX, x-RX, y-RX, z-RX, Target, x-Target, y-Target, z-Target.

    Transmit and collect pulses for four receive windows. First, update platform positions by calling advance on the scene. Then set up the for loop to iterate over the receive windows. Next, get platform positions using platformPoses. Get the propogation paths for both transmitters using bistaticFeeSpacePath. Then, transmit the signal and collect pulses. Finally, receive the transmissions and plot the received signals.

    tl    = tiledlayout(figure,2,1); 
    hAxes = [nexttile(tl) nexttile(tl)]; hold(hAxes,"on");
    tx    = {tx1 tx2};
    advance(scene);  
    for iRxWin = 0:4
        [propSigs,propInfo] = collect(rx,scene.SimulationTime);
        t    = min([nextTime(tx{1}) nextTime(tx{2})]);
        tEnd = nextTime(rx);
        while t <= tEnd  
            % Get platform positions
            poses = platformPoses(scene); 
    
            % Include target RCS signature on the pose
            tgtPose   = poses(4);
            tgtPose.Signatures = {rcsSig};
        
            for iTx = 1:2
                % Calculate propogation paths
                proppaths = bistaticFreeSpacePath(freq, ...
                          poses(iTx),poses(3),tgtPose);
    
                % Transmit
                [txSig,txInfo] = transmit(tx{iTx},proppaths,scene.SimulationTime);
    
                % Plot transmitted signal
                txTimes = (0:(size(txSig,1) - 1))*1/txInfo.SampleRate ...
                        + txInfo.StartTime;
                plot(hAxes(1),txTimes*1e3,mag2db(max(abs(txSig),[],2)),SeriesIndex=iTx);
               
                % Collect transmitted pulses
                collectSigs = collect(rx,txSig,txInfo,proppaths);
                
                % Accumulate collected transmissions
                sz = max([size(propSigs);size(collectSigs)],[],1);
                propSigs = paddata(propSigs,sz) + paddata(collectSigs,sz);
             end
                
             t = min([nextTime(tx{1}) nextTime(tx{2})]);
             advance(scene);
        end
            
            
        % Receive collected transmissions 
        [iq,rxInfo] = receive(rx,propSigs,propInfo);
    
        % Plot received transmissions
        rxTimes = (0:(size(iq,1) - 1))*1/rxInfo.SampleRate ...
                + rxInfo.StartTime;
        plot(hAxes(2),rxTimes*1e3,mag2db(abs(iq)));
    end

    Label plots.

    grid(hAxes,"on")
    title(hAxes(1),"Transmitter Signals")
    title(hAxes(2),"Receiver Signals")
    xlabel(hAxes,"Time (milliseconds)")
    ylabel(hAxes,"Power (dB)")
    ylim(hAxes(1),[0 80]); ylim(hAxes(2),[-130 -75])
    xlim(hAxes(1),xlim(hAxes(2)))

    Figure contains 2 axes objects. Axes object 1 with title Transmitter Signals, xlabel Time (milliseconds), ylabel Power (dB) contains 50 objects of type line. Axes object 2 with title Receiver Signals, xlabel Time (milliseconds), ylabel Power (dB) contains 4 objects of type line.

    Input Arguments

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    Bistatic receiver, specified as a bistaticReceiver object.

    Signal that is transmitted and propagated in the direction of the receiver and targets, returned by the transmit function called on the bistaticTranmitter object. The size of TXsig depends on the transmit antenna configuration.

    • CombineRadiatedSignals property of the TransmitAntenna in the bistaticTransmitter object is set to trueTXsig is a M-by-P complex-valued array with columns that contain the transmitted signal, where M is the number of samples in each transmitted pulse or sweep and P is the number of propagation paths in propPaths.

    • CombineRadiatedSignals property of the TransmitAntenna in the bistaticTransmitter object is set to falseTXsig is a 1-by-P cell array, where P is the number of propagation paths. Each cell contains a M-by-L complex-valued array with columns that contain the transmitted signal for each transmit antenna. M is the number of samples and L is the number of elements in the TransmitAntenna.

    Data Types: double
    Complex Number Support: Yes

    Structure with two fields that contain information pertaining to the transmitted signal, returned by the transmit function called on the bistaticTranmitter object.

    FieldDescription
    StartTime

    Start time of the transmitted signal, specified in units of seconds (sec).

    SampleRate

    Sample rate of the transmitted signal, specified in units of hertz (Hz).

    Data Types: double

    Propagation paths, specified as a 1-by-P array of path configuration structures, where P is the number of propagation paths. Propagation paths are determined in the radar mounting frame. The bistaticFreeSpacePath function returns propPaths. Each propPaths structure describes a propagation path and contains these fields.

    FieldDescription
    PathLength

    Propagation path length, specified as a positive scalar in units of meters (m).

    PathLoss

    Propagation loss along the path, specified as a scalar in units of decibels (dB).

    ReflectionCoefficient

    Cumulative reflection coefficients for all reflections along the path, specified as a scalar with a value between -1 and 1. Reflections along the path might include contributions from scatterers or targets.

    AngleOfDeparture

    Propagation path angle of departure, specified as a two-element vector in the form of [azimuth; elevation] in units of degrees (deg). The angle of departure is determined in the transmit antenna mounting frame.

    AngleOfArrival

    Propagation path angle of arrival, specified as a two-element vector in the form of [azimuth; elevation] in units of degrees (deg). The angle of arrival is determined in the receive antenna mounting frame.

    DopplerShiftCumulative Doppler shift along the path, specified as a scalar in units of hertz (Hz).

    Data Types: struct

    Simulation time, specified as a non-negative scalar in units of seconds. t must be greater than or equal to the current simulation time.

    Data Types: double

    Output Arguments

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    Returns the coherently combined time-sampled signals that are collected by the bistatic radar receiver, RX, as a complex-valued M-by-N array. M is the length of the collected signal and N is the number of receive antenna array elements or subarrays in RX. Each column corresponds to the signal collected by the corresponding array element or subarrays.

    Returns a structure with two fields that contains information pertaining to the collected signal.

    FieldDescription
    StartTime

    Start time of the collected signal, specified in units of seconds (sec).

    SampleRate

    Sample rate of the collected signal, specified in units of hertz (Hz).

    Version History

    Introduced in R2025a