Code for Termite Life Cycle Optimization algorithm (TLCO)

Version 1.1.0 (6 KB) by le
TLCO is a bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithm based on termite colony behavior
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Updated 28 Feb 2026

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The Termite Life Cycle Optimizer (TLCO) was developed by members of the Center for Engineering Application and Technology Solutions at Ho Chi Minh City Open University, Vietnam. TLCO is a bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithm based on termite colony behavior. It models the roles of workers, soldiers, and reproductives to balance exploration and exploitation in global optimization. Population information is iteratively updated to improve convergence. A Lévy flight–based movement strategy enhances flexibility, enabling broad exploration in early stages and refined search in later iterations. Benchmark and engineering evaluations demonstrate competitive performance.
Link to the published paper: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.119211

Cite As

Minh, Hoang-Le, Thanh Sang-To, Guy Theraulaz, Magd Abdel Wahab, and Thanh Cuong-Le. "Termite life cycle optimizer." Expert Systems with Applications 213 (2023): 119211.

MATLAB Release Compatibility
Created with R2025b
Compatible with any release
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1.1.0

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1.0.0